Hay al menos 3 formas, consulte a continuación:
CREATE TEMP TABLE test (
id integer, name text, amount numeric, datefrom timestamptz
);
COPY test FROM STDIN (FORMAT csv);
3,a,8,2018-01-01
4,a,3,2018-01-15 10:00
5,b,1,2018-02-20
6,b,1,2019-01-01
\.
Método 1. usando DISTINCT ON (específico de PostgreSQL)
SELECT DISTINCT ON (name)
id, name, amount
FROM test
ORDER BY name, amount DESC, datefrom ASC;
Método 2. usando funciones de ventana
SELECT id, name, amount FROM (
SELECT *, row_number() OVER (
PARTITION BY name
ORDER BY amount DESC, datefrom ASC) AS __rn
FROM test) AS x
WHERE x.__rn = 1;
Método 3. usando subconsulta correlacionada
SELECT id, name, amount FROM test
WHERE id = (
SELECT id FROM test AS t2
WHERE t2.name = test.name
ORDER BY amount DESC, datefrom ASC
LIMIT 1
);
