Cómo verificar las claves de matriz en php para almacenar valores de matriz en mysql

Espero haber entendido bien la pregunta.

aquí puede eliminar algunas líneas de código (sin verificación de validez incluida)

ini_set('display_errors', true);
try {
    $stmt = $db->prepare("insert into `<table>` (`id`,`message`) values(?,?);");
    $message_ids = array();
    $stories = array();
    foreach ($total_posts as $row) {
        if (isset($row['message'])) {
            // any record with 'message' is allowed
            // whenever has it 'story' or no
            $message_ids[] = $row['id'];
            $stories[]     = $row['message'];

        } else {
            if (isset($row['story'])) {
                // only story
            } else {
                // no message & no story
            }
        }
    }

    $message_id = implode("\n",$message_ids);
    $story      = implode("\n",$stories);
    $stmt->bind_param("ss", $message_id, $story);
    if ($stmt->execute()) {
        // success
    } else {
        // error handler
        $error = $stmt->error;
        // debug
        echo $error.PHP_EOL;
        die();
    }

    // or output to console
    // echo 'id: '.$message_id.PHP_EOL;
    // echo 'message: '.$story.PHP_EOL;
    // echo PHP_EOL;    
} catch (\Exception $e) {
    // debug
    echo $e->getMessage();
}

Espero que ayude.

Resultados actualizados:

id: 10154521329397892_1015455584936789210154521329397892_1015454259720289210154521329397892_10154542027992892
msg: Insane!!!!!R.I.P JaihindJohnson & Johnson Finally Admits: Their Baby Products Contain Cancer-Causing Chemicals |

No tengo problemas con la base de datos:

mysql> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
2 rows in set (0,00 sec)

mysql> use test;
Database changed

mysql> create table `test` (`id` varchar(128), `msg` varchar(128));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0,10 sec)

mysql> show tables;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+----------------+
| test           |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0,00 sec)

mysql> explain `test`;
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id    | varchar(128) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| msg   | varchar(128) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+-------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0,01 sec)

mysql>

/// console
[65] $ php ./a.php
id: 10154521329397892_10154555849367892
10154521329397892_10154542597202892
10154521329397892_10154542027992892
msg: Insane!!!!!
R.I.P Jaihind
Johnson & Johnson Finally Admits: Their Baby Products Contain Cancer-Causing Chemicals |

 /// back to mysql shell
mysql> select * from `test`;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| id                                                                                                        | msg                                                                                                               |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 10154521329397892_1015455584936789210154521329397892_1015454259720289210154521329397892_10154542027992892 | Insane!!!!!R.I.P JaihindJohnson & Johnson Finally Admits: Their Baby Products Contain Cancer-Causing Chemicals |  |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0,00 sec)

mysql>