Crear combinaciones de tablas/columnas usando SQL Query o Laravel SQL Query Builder

Esto debería hacerlo. No funcionará en mysql 5.7 porque los CTE recursivos no se incluyeron hasta más tarde, pero esto le permitirá tener una cantidad variable de atributos y valores_de_atributo por ID_de_grupo. El violín está aquí .

with recursive allAtts as (
  /* Get our attribute list, and format it if we want; concat(a.title, ':', v.title) looks quite nice */
  SELECT 
    att.group_id,
    att.id,
    CONCAT(v.title) as attDesc,
    dense_rank() over (partition by att.group_id order by att.id) as attRank
FROM table_attributes att 
INNER JOIN table_attribute_values v 
    ON v.group_id = att.group_id 
    AND v.attribute_id = att.id 
 ),
 cte as (
 /* Recursively build our attribute list, assuming ranks are sequential and we properly linked our group_ids */
    select group_id, id, attDesc, attRank from allAtts WHERE attRank = 1
   
         union all 
   
    select 
        allAtts.group_id, 
        allAtts.id, 
        concat_ws('-', cte.attDesc, allAtts.attDesc) as attDesc,
        allAtts.attRank
   from cte 
   join allAtts ON allAtts.attRank = cte.attRank +1
      AND cte.group_id = allAtts.group_id
)
   
/* Our actual select statement, which RIGHT JOINs against the table_groups 
   so we don't lose entries w/o attributes */   
select 
    grp.id,
    concat_ws('-', d.day, qty.quantity, cte.attDesc) as combinations
from cte 
inner join (select group_id, max(attRank) as attID
            from cte
            group by group_id) m on cte.group_id = m.group_id and m.attID = cte.attrank
RIGHT JOIN table_groups grp ON grp.id = cte.group_id 
LEFT JOIN table_days d on grp.id = d.group_id
LEFT JOIN table_quantities qty on grp.id = qty.group_id;