Pruebe el mysql_fetch_field función.
Por ejemplo:
<?php
$dbLink = mysql_connect('localhost', 'usr', 'pwd');
mysql_select_db('test', $dbLink);
$sql = "SELECT * FROM cartable";
$result = mysql_query($sql) or die(mysql_error());
// Print the column names as the headers of a table
echo "<table><tr>";
for($i = 0; $i < mysql_num_fields($result); $i++) {
$field_info = mysql_fetch_field($result, $i);
echo "<th>{$field_info->name}</th>";
}
// Print the data
while($row = mysql_fetch_row($result)) {
echo "<tr>";
foreach($row as $_column) {
echo "<td>{$_column}</td>";
}
echo "</tr>";
}
echo "</table>";
?>