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Obtener valores del campo de tipo XML usando en el servidor SQL

Prueba esto:

DECLARE @test TABLE(ID INT, XmlCol XML)

INSERT INTO @test VALUES(1, '<doc>
   <quote>
      <code>AA</code>
   </quote>
   <quote>
      <code>BB</code>
   </quote>
   <quote>
      <code>CC</code>
   </quote>
</doc>')

INSERT INTO @test VALUES(2, '<doc>
   <quote>
      <code>BB</code>
   </quote>
   <quote>
      <code>AA</code>
   </quote>
   <quote>
      <code>CC</code>
   </quote>
</doc>')

SELECT
    ID,
    X.Doc.value('(quote/code)[1]', 'varchar(20)') AS 'Code1',
    X.Doc.value('(quote/code)[2]', 'varchar(20)') AS 'Code2',
    X.Doc.value('(quote/code)[3]', 'varchar(20)') AS 'Code3'
FROM @test
CROSS APPLY xmlcol.nodes('doc') AS X(Doc)

Te da una salida de:

ID  Code1   Code2   Code3
1   AA  BB  CC
2   BB  AA  CC