Expresiones de tabla comunes se definen dentro del contexto de una sola declaración:
WITH cte_name AS (
<cte definition>)
<statement that uses cte>;
Entonces puedes hacer algo como:
WITH CTE
AS
(
SELECT * FROM SOMETABLE
)
SELECT * FROM CTE;
o
WITH CTE
AS
(
SELECT * FROM SOMETABLE
)
UPDATE CTE
SET somefield = somevalue
WHERE id = somekey;